Anal fissure Introduction Epidemiology Etiology Signs and Symptoms Staging Classification Diagnosis Differential Diagnosis Treatment Prognosis ### Understanding Anal Fissures: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatments An **anal fissure** is a small tear or ulcer in the lining of the anus, often causing significant discomfort. This common condition can affect individuals of all ages and is typically […]
Anatomy of the Stomach Introduction Histology Morphology Arterial Supply Venous Drainage Lymph Drainage Innervation Anatomical Relations Sphincters Location and Vascular Supply Location: Abdominal cavity. Arterial Supply: Branches of the celiac plexus. Venous Drainage: Left gastric and right gastric veins. Short gastric veins. Left and right gastroomental veins. Innervation: Parasympathetic: Posterior and anterior trunks of the
Reflux Esophagitis Introduction Epidemiology Etiology Sign and Symptoms Classification Diagnosis Differential Diagnosis Treatment Surgery Reflux Esophagitis Overview Introduction Reflux esophagitis, commonly known as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), is a prevalent condition where stomach acid flows back into the esophagus. This backflow causes inflammation and tissue damage within the esophageal lining. It’s notably prevalent in
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Esophageal Diverticula Introduction Epidemiology Etiology Sign and Symptoms Diagnosis Differential Diagnosis Treatment Esophageal Diverticula Overview Introduction Esophageal diverticula are uncommon outpouchings of the esophageal mucosa, often forming in the weaker segments of the esophageal lining. These anatomical anomalies can manifest in various forms, with Zenker’s diverticulum being the most frequently encountered type. Presentation and
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Zenker’s Diverticulum Introduction Epidemiology Etiology Sign and Symptoms Staging Diagnosis Differential Diagnosis Treatment Overview Zenker’s Diverticulum Definition A Zenker’s diverticulum is a specific type of diverticulum located in the hypopharynx. This formation typically occurs between the cricopharyngeus (CP) muscle and the inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscle. Notably, it only includes the mucosa and submucosal layers,
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Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) Introduction Epidemiology Etiology Sign and Symptoms Diagnosis Differential Diagnosis Treatment Prognosis Nutrition Psychosomatic Treatments Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a prevalent digestive system disorder characterized by a range of symptoms and managed through various approaches. Here’s an overview: Symptoms of IBS Common Symptoms: Include cramping, abdominal pain,
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Infectious Colitis Introduction Epidemiology Etiology Sign and Symptoms Diagnosis Differential Diagnosis Treatment Prognosis Infectious Colitis: Overview and Management Infectious colitis is an inflammation of the colon caused by pathogens like viruses, parasites, or bacteria. Common culprits include Salmonella, E. coli, Campylobacter, Shigella, and Clostridium difficile. This condition can lead to various symptoms and requires
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Diverticulitis Introduction Epidemiology Etiology Sign and Symptoms Classification Diagnosis Differential Diagnosis Treatment Prognosis Nutrition Diverticulitis: Overview and Management Diverticulitis, characterized by the inflammation or infection of diverticula in the intestines, is a condition influenced by various factors. Here’s a detailed look: Causes and Risk Factors Formation of Diverticula: Weak spots in the colon lead
Ulcerative Colitis Introduction Epidemiology Etiology Sign and Symptoms Classification Diagnosis Differential Diagnosis Treatment Prognosis Overview of Ulcerative Colitis Introduction to Ulcerative Colitis Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that primarily affects the innermost lining of the large intestine (colon) and rectum. This condition is marked by the formation of small ulcers
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Surgical Approaches in Abdominal Surgery Introduction Open Midline Incision Paramedian Incision Kocher Incision McBurney Incision Lanz Incision Chevron Incision Inverted L Incision Rutherford-Morrison Incision Pfannenstiel Incision Laparoscopic Single-Port Surgery NOTES Surgical Approaches in Abdominal Surgery Midline Incision Description: A vertical cut along the abdomen’s center, starting above the pubic bone and potentially extending towards
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